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The diet-induced fatty liver model is established by feeding animals with high-fat and high-sugar diets, leading to overnutrition – from excessive amounts of lipids, cholesterol, and/or carbohydrates in the food - which cannot be fully absorbed and utilized. This overnutrition results in lipids accumulation, further inflammatory changes, and fibrosis. This model is similar to human NAFLD and is the most commonly used NAFLD animal model. Different diet-induced models vary in characteristics.
| Model | Mouse Type | Obesity | Insulin Resistance (IR) | Dyslipidemia | Elevated Transaminase | Fatty Degeneration of Liver | Hepatic Fibrosis |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High-fat Diet Model | Mouse | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | - |
| Rat | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | - | |
| High-sugar Diet Model | Mouse | - | Y | Y | N | Y | - |
| Rat | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | - | |
| High-fat & High-sugar Diet Model | Mouse | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Rat | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | |
| Methionine & Choline Deficient Diet Model | Mouse | N | N | N | Y | Y | Y |
| Rat | N | N | N | Y | Y | Y |
Note: Y: Yes, N: No, (-): without report
Detection Items: Body weight, food intake, serum biochemical test (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, serum total cholesterol, triglyceride content, etc.), pathological analysis of liver tissue (liver tissue H & E staining, oil red).