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Diabetes Mellitus (DM) has become the top third major chronic disease threatening human health after cancer and cardiovascular disease. This chronic disease is diagnosed when the body cannot secrete sufficient insulin or the insulin produced does not work effectively, resulting in increased glucose levels. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) accounts for about 10% of all diabetic patients. The most used T1DM models are as follows:
The non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse spontaneously develops type 1 diabetes (T1D). The symptoms are similar to those of human diabetes, including phenotype such as hyperglycemia, diabetes, polydipsia, polyuria, etc. Animals with type 1 diabetes will die within 1-2 months due to ketonemia without exogenous insulin treatment. The incidence of diabetes in female NOD mice is higher than that in male mice.
The type 1 diabetes model (T1DM) induced by streptozotocin (STZ) in rats and mice has many similarities with human type 1 diabetes in clinical manifestations, course of the disease, and morphological changes of the pancreatic islet. Streptozotocin (STZ) is currently the most widely used chemical inducer for animal models of diabetes, which has a specific damaging effect on animal pancreatic islet B cells. Taking advantage of this feature, high-dose streptozotocin (STZ) was used to induce animal pancreatic islet B cell necrosis and develop type I diabetes. The construction of the STZ-induced type 1 diabetes model has the advantages of simple operation, selective damage to pancreatic islet B cells, and low drug toxicity under the dosage.
Test items: Body weight, food intake, glucose tolerance test (GTT), insulin tolerance test (ITT), fasting blood glucose test, random blood glucose test, serum biochemical test or kit method (ELISA test kit), physiological cage test (urine and feces collection), metabolic cage detection (indicators such as oxygen consumption, heat production, activity, etc.), tissue and organ collection and pathology analysis (H&E, Sirius red, Masson, Oil red, IHC, etc.), etc.